U.S. DOESN'T WANT TO GIVE UP POWER

By Carolyn Eisenberg

04/09/04 "Mercury News" -- The Bush administration's commitment to restore sovereignty to the Iraqi people on June 30 is as illusory as Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction.

In what Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld buoyantly described on March 12 as a ``historic moment in history, one that shows the power of freedom,'' the 25-member Iraqi Governing Council four days earlier had signed an ``interim constitution'' for the period following the proposed transfer of power.

Yet this ``Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period'' is a deceptive document designed to obscure continued U.S. control.

It sets forth elaborate arrangements for a ``transitional government that will come into effect some time after Dec. 31, but specifies neither a structure nor a method of selection for the Iraqi body that will allegedly exercise ``full sovereignty'' after June 30.

Bush officials are plainly hoping that sometime between now and June 30, United Nations negotiators will prevail upon the Iraqi principals to create an expanded version of the Governing Council. Even if they succeed, skeptics may properly wonder how this ``sovereign'' government differs from the current un-sovereign entity.

The answer is probably very little. However, by declaring the occupation over and turning the Coalition Provisional Authority into an outsized American embassy, President Bush can claim that Iraq is on the road to ``democracy.'' For proof, he can continue to cite the interim constitution with its impressive list in ``Chapter Two -- Fundamental Rights.''

Yet there is nothing democratic about the process by which the Law of Administration was developed. It was drafted by a small group of American-appointed Iraqi officials, deliberating in secret under Coalition Provisional Authority direction. The Iraqi people will have no opportunity to ratify it and cannot even enact amendments until a later stage.

Meanwhile, the document legitimizes the continued presence of foreign troops on Iraqi soil by saying ``the Iraqi Armed Forces will be a principal partner in the multi-national force operating in Iraq under unified command . . . '' -- a matter of vital concern to the inhabitants, who were not consulted.

Beneath these machinations lies a dilemma for the Bush administration. While desiring the appearance of democracy for domestic and international purposes, it is afraid to surrender authority.

Its problem is that a free Iraq is unlikely to implement the U.S. agenda: a secular state, permanent military bases, American direction of the oil industry, a privatized economy and a foreign policy consonant with Washington's.

In designing their mission for Iraq, top Bush officials were hoping to re-enact the successes of the early Cold War. A reconstructed West Germany had helped consolidate Western Europe into a bastion of democratic capitalism and American power.

They envisioned a reformed, malleable post-Saddam government that could spark a similar transformation of the Middle East. Yet unlike Iraq, Germany possessed a tradition of parliamentary governance, an established capitalist class and a strong national identity, which made the transfer of political power less worrisome.

Moreover, Germany had first declared war on the United States, not the other way around. And the American occupiers possessed the authority that came from fighting and defeating an enemy, which had actually surrendered and disarmed.

By contrast, the U.S. strategy of racing to Baghdad bypassed tens of thousands of enemy troops, who retained their weapons and remained dangerous.

The result has been a disastrous occupation in which security remains an agonizing problem. The administration's current inability to arrange a viable political transition is but the most recent illustration of its foolishness in launching an invasion in the first place.

CAROLYN EISENBERG is a professor of U.S. foreign policy at Hofstra University. She wrote this column for Newsday.

© 2004 Mercury News and wire service sources